护理英语：外科术前、术当中与术后恢复对话

一、术从前正要

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

要用治疗再次为了保证产妇份的安全有许多工作要要用。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检查并记录肉体征象。将任何异常情况下获悉精神科。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有假体，例如、假肢以及假牙都应当摘掉。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.师不必要希望让患儿戴着假牙，所以药剂师才会咨询师的敦促。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，患儿才会除去指甲油并卸妆。这样亦会让精神科容易分辨产妇是否患有苍白得病。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination苍白得病一般而言表明患儿才会剩氧。还应当摘掉偶而等发饰，以免造成感染者。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过十二指肠或者导尿填满膀胱。膀胱内展现出尿液不必要在治疗过程中损坏。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术从前患儿需要使用灌肠剂填满十二指肠，小治疗除外。这亦会尽量避免很多术后疲劳症状。还可以尽量避免感染者。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂一般而言在患儿踏入治疗室从前30分钟到一小时内注射。这可以让过程同步进行地容易一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后应当轻声安慰患儿踏入休眠状态。治疗室内有时可以允许患儿的一位死者照料。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，患儿的得病历表应当带入治疗室，并且一栏才会原始。下面才会还包括所有的化验和X光检查报告以及一份手写的治疗许可等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.黄疸和所需要口服，如胰岛素，也应在一栏中注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，王以药剂师。我想去饮水机。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你必须去饮水机。问你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床上小便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.治疗再次几天你是不允许下床的。所以你才会学术界使用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我试试。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候进治疗室？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.大概八点。我亦会在七点叫醒你然后从你的上颌中放于入一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能询问我为什么要放于胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.治疗第二、三天我们才会通过胃管给你摄食。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.大概晚上见下文。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样了解我治疗的进展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她亦会在等候室。治疗一结束我们亦会即刻通知她。He you signed the consent?你在决定书上签字了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。治疗从前我应当要用什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们亦会给你剃须要用保养。然后你要洗个澡。晚饭你要进食一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我究竟了。治疗亦会很疼吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，治疗过程中你不亦会感受到任何呕吐。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.治疗你醒来的时候就已经在得病床了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你不必要感到有点疼并昏昏沉沉。如果呕吐难忍的话我们亦会给你注射一些缓解呕吐的口服。Thank you.谢谢你 二、治疗中

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，问老大我接上治疗室。Just a minute. The line is engaged.稍微等。迄今占线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.治疗室May I speak to the head nurse?能问药剂师长还好吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

你好，我是药剂师长。有什么可以老大您？What's going on in the operation room right now?治疗室中迄今是什么情况下。I he an emergency case coming in.我即刻有一个紧急发生率。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天晚上王以精神科的急性胃得病治疗要用必要正要。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时从前接上收了一个严重影响肋骨骨折的产妇。他才会立即遵从胸腔治疗。你们老大我须要紧急治疗吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我即刻要用必要正要。一切正要完再次我给你打对讲机。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你对讲机。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。问询问药剂师血库亦会给我们3或4单位的B型血供治疗使用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我才会要用手脚，才会一位同事。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我即刻通知王以精神科。Thank you.谢谢你。You're welcome.不客气。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.患儿还在昏迷状态，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他遵从了什么治疗？A chest operation.胸腔治疗。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么口服过敏吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶过敏。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?治疗中他失血很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他失血400ml。我们给他剩了2单位的肝细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他剩其他黏性了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升含5%的蒸馏水。 四、治疗康复与医疗

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

治疗再次，外科产妇一般而言才会巩固医疗。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中有一些原因。当然，也亦会有一些常见问题显现。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些问题是可以或许的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.治疗再次才会对产妇同步进行脏器动力学强制执行。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.产妇的很多症状与基本的针灸问题相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些产妇亦会显现术中出血或术后感染者。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这亦会造成了治疗得病情以后不不稳定的。因此产妇才会尤其看护。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种情况下在心肺治疗产妇头上更为常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果产妇顿时糖类痉挛，才会将其送往诊治巩固医疗得病床。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性痛楚患儿还亦会显现脏器动力学不不稳定的。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很不必要显现急性增生反应，这是由严重影响骨质或者软组织受伤所致。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果显现低血容量性休克，这表明伤势严重影响。有时才会对产妇同步进行剩血来补充其毒素肾脏。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.产妇的生理变化经常也亦会才会尤其强制执行。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非持续性结核得病的心肺患儿的得病因与肠穿孔连续性或肠坏死有关，那么患儿整个RX-不必要受其阻碍。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些阻碍亦会分别造成了各个器官的系统性增生反应。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效治疗，患儿也许显现多器官功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，诊治加护得病床的患儿以外是外科治疗患儿。 五、术后以后

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

王以精神科，我这里很疼。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你开一些止疼药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?以从前好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水喝吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.抱歉，恐怕你以从前不可以喝水。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上蘸一些水老大你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?谢谢。我什么时候可以喝水？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.才会等你的肠鸣音和咽反射以后再次才可以喝。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以进食外面了吗？I'm afraid you can't.恐怕不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以进食外面？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

治疗一天再次你可以进食一些流食。然后你不断可以进食软食，治疗四天再次就可以经常性用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无刺激性或者不亦会造成了气体产生的黏性为主，例如茶、可可、过滤食品、蔬菜汁和无脂汤。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食还包括汤、鱼肉、非鸡肉鸭蛋、豆腐、炸鸡、饺子等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我应当尽量避免进食哪些食物呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.油腻的点心、相当多的色拉酱佐料、鸡肉食品、猪油等。Anything important?还有什么才会尤其注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你才会要用一些排便磨练。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.排便磨练可以预防排便系统并发症。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己要用磨练吗，还是你亦会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我亦会老大你，给你提一些敦促。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你以从前可以询问我怎样要用吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。按住治疗切口，深排便然后痉挛。我亦会把你的；也升高一些。I see.我究竟了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你感到有什么疲劳的话问按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我亦会的，谢谢你。